Tyre speed rating and tyre load rating are two critical factors to consider when selecting motorcycle tyres. These ratings, found in the tyre codes, provide essential information about a tyre's capabilities and limitations. Understanding how to read and interpret these codes is crucial for ensuring optimal performance, handling, and safety on your rides.
Motorcycle tyre codes may seem like a jumble of numbers and letters at first glance, but each character conveys vital specifications about the tyre. A typical tyre code looks like this: 180/50 R17 71W. Let's break it down:
- 180: Tyre width in millimetres
- 50: Aspect ratio (sidewall height as a percentage of width)
- R: Radial construction
- 17: Wheel diameter in inches
- 71: Load index
- W: Speed rating
The first three digits represent the tyre's width in millimetres, measured from the widest points of the sidewall when the tyre is properly inflated. The following two digits indicate the aspect ratio, which is the sidewall height expressed as a percentage of the tyre's width. Lower aspect ratios (e.g., 40, 50) correspond to sportier tyres with shorter sidewalls for improved handling, while higher ratios (e.g., 60, 70) offer more comfort and stability for everyday riding.
The letter after the aspect ratio, usually "R," denotes the tyre's construction type. Most modern motorcycle tyres have radial construction, which provides better handling and comfort compared to older bias-ply or diagonal designs.
The digits following the construction type represent the wheel diameter in inches. This ensures that the tyre is compatible with the specific wheel size of your motorcycle.
The load index is a numerical code that indicates the maximum weight a single tyre can safely support at the recommended inflation pressure. Higher load indices correspond to greater load-carrying capacities. Some manufacturers also specify the maximum load in kilograms separately.
| Load Index | Max Load (kg) |
|---|---|
| 62 | 265 |
| 63 | 272 |
| 64 | 280 |
| 65 | 290 |
| 66 | 300 |
| 67 | 307 |
| 68 | 315 |
| 69 | 325 |
| 70 | 335 |
| 71 | 345 |
| 72 | 355 |
| 73 | 365 |
| 74 | 375 |
| 75 | 387 |
It's essential to choose tyres with a load rating that matches or exceeds the maximum weight of your motorcycle, including the rider and any cargo. Overloading tyres can lead to excessive heat buildup, reduced handling, and increased risk of tyre failure.
The speed rating, represented by a letter, indicates the maximum speed at which the tyre can safely operate while carrying its maximum load. Higher speed ratings allow for higher top speeds.
| Rating | Max Speed (km/h) |
|---|---|
| J | 100 |
| K | 110 |
| L | 120 |
| M | 130 |
| N | 140 |
| P | 150 |
| Q | 160 |
| R | 170 |
| S | 180 |
| T | 190 |
| U | 200 |
| H | 210 |
| V | 240 |
| W | 270 |
| Y | 300 |
Always use tyres with a speed rating that matches or exceeds your motorcycle's maximum intended operating speed. Using tyres with a lower speed rating than recommended can compromise handling, stability, and safety.
Tyre load rating and tyre speed rating are interconnected. A lower speed rating may also result in a reduced load capacity. Always adhere to the speed and load ratings specified by your motorcycle manufacturer to ensure optimal performance and safety.
Aside from the load and speed ratings, motorcycle tyre codes may include other important information:
- TL: Tubeless tyre (no inner tube required)
- TT: Tube-type tyre (must be used with an inner tube)
- Arrow: Indicates the intended direction of tyre rotation for best performance
- TWI: Tread Wear Indicator, raised bars inside the tread grooves that show when the tyre has reached its legal wear limit
- Date Code: Four digits indicating the week and year of manufacture (e.g., "2234" means the 34th week of 2022)
When selecting motorcycle tyres, consider the following factors in addition to the tyre speed rating and tyre load rating:
- Motorcycle manufacturer recommendations: Stick to the tyre codes specified in your owner's manual for optimal performance and compatibility.
- Riding style and conditions: Choose tyres that suit your typical riding scenarios, whether it's commuting, touring, off-road adventures, or track days.
- Brand reputation and reviews: Research tyre brands known for quality, durability, and performance. Read reviews from other riders to gauge real-world experiences.
- Tyre technology and features: Look for tyres with advanced compounds, tread patterns, and construction that enhance grip, handling, and longevity.
Tyre load rating and tyre speed rating are two essential aspects to consider when choosing motorcycle tyres. Understanding how to read and interpret these ratings, along with other information found in tyre codes, empowers you to make informed decisions that optimise your motorcycle's performance, handling, and safety.
Always select tyres with load and speed ratings that match or exceed your motorcycle manufacturer's recommendations. Consider your specific riding needs, road conditions, and the input of experienced technicians when making your choice.
Eurogrip offers a wide range of motorcycle tyres catering to various load and speed ratings, ensuring that riders can find the perfect fit for their unique requirements. By prioritising tyre education and responsible selection, you can enjoy a safer, more confident, and more enjoyable riding experience on every journey.